Rashin bitamin a lokacin sarrafa abincin dabbobi
Don sunadaran, carbohydrates, fats, da ma'adanai, aiki yana da ɗan ƙaramin tasiri akan kasancewar su, yayin da yawancin bitamin ba su da ƙarfi da sauƙi oxidized, bazuwa, lalata, ko rasa, don haka sarrafawa zai shafi samfuran su.Yana da tasiri mafi girma;kuma a cikin tsarin ajiyar abinci, asarar bitamin yana da alaƙa da hatimin marufi, rayuwar shiryayye, da zafin jiki na yanayi.
A cikin tsari na extrusion da kumburi, rashin kunna bitamin zai faru, asarar bitamin E mai narkewa zai iya kaiwa 70%, kuma asarar bitamin K zai iya kaiwa 60%;asarar bitamin na abincin dabbobi da aka fitar shima yana da girma yayin ajiya, kuma asarar bitamin mai narkewa ya fi na rukunin B Vitamins, bitamin A da bitamin D3 suna asarar kusan 8% da 4% a kowane wata;kuma bitamin B suna rasa kusan 2% zuwa 4% a kowane wata.
A lokacin aiwatar da extrusion, 10% ~ 15% na bitamin da pigments sun ɓace a matsakaici.Riƙewar bitamin ya dogara da tsarin albarkatun ƙasa, shirye-shirye da zafin jiki na fadadawa, danshi, lokacin riƙewa, da dai sauransu. Yawancin lokaci, ana amfani da ƙari mai yawa don ramawa, kuma ana iya amfani da barga na bitamin C, don rage girman asarar bitamin yayin aiki da ajiya. .
Yadda za a rage asarar bitamin yayin aiki?
1. Canja tsarin sinadarai na wasu bitamin don sanya su ƙarin barga mahadi;irin su thiamine mononitrate maimakon nau'in tushe na kyauta, esters na retinol (acetate ko palmitate), tocopherol maye gurbin barasa da ascorbic acid phosphate a maimakon ascorbic acid.
2. Ana yin bitamin zuwa microcapsules a matsayin hanya ɗaya.Ta wannan hanyar, bitamin yana da mafi kyawun kwanciyar hankali kuma yana iya haɓaka rarrabuwar bitamin a cikin abinci mai gauraye.Ana iya ƙara bitamin tare da gelatin, sitaci, da glycerin (ana amfani da antioxidants sau da yawa) ko kuma a fesa su cikin microcapsules, sannan kuma murfin sitaci ya biyo baya.Ana iya ƙara haɓaka kariyar bitamin yayin sarrafawa ta hanyar yin amfani da microcapsules, misali ta hanyar dumama don taurara microcapsules (wanda galibi ana kiransa microcapsules masu haɗin gwiwa).Ana iya yin haɗin kai ta hanyar halayen Maillard ko wasu hanyoyin sinadarai.Yawancin bitamin A da masana'antun abinci na Amurka ke amfani da su microcapsules ne masu alaƙa da juna.Don yawancin bitamin B, ana amfani da bushewar feshi don haɓaka kwanciyar hankali da samar da foda mai gudana kyauta.
3. Rashin kunnawa na kusan dukkanin bitamin yana faruwa a lokacin tsarin extrusion na abincin dabbobi, kuma asarar bitamin a cikin abincin gwangwani yana da alaƙa kai tsaye ga zafin jiki da aiki da kuma tsawon lokacin ions na ƙarfe kyauta.Asarar bushewa da shafa (ƙara mai ko tsoma saman busasshen samfurin busasshen) suma sun dogara da lokaci da zafin jiki.
A lokacin ajiya, abun ciki na danshi, zazzabi, pH da ions karfe masu aiki suna rinjayar asarar adadin bitamin.Ya ƙunshi ƙarancin aiki na ma'adanai kamar chelates, oxides ko carbonates na iya rage asarar yawancin bitamin idan aka kwatanta da ma'adanai a cikin sulfate ko sigar kyauta..Iron, jan ƙarfe da zinc sun shahara musamman wajen haɓaka halayen Fenton da kuma samar da radicals masu kyauta.Wadannan mahadi na iya lalata free radicals don rage asarar bitamin.Kare kitsen abinci daga iskar shaka abu ne mai mahimmanci wajen rage samar da radicals a cikin abinci.Bugu da kari na chelating jamiái irin su ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), phosphoric acid, ko roba antioxidants kamar di-tert-butyl-p-cresol zuwa mai zai iya rage ƙarni na free radicals.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-16-2022