Ⅰ.Abubuwan da ke cikin abinci
1. Tushen kayan abinci na abinci da cikakken abun ciki na abubuwan gina jiki zai shafi ƙaddarar narkewa.Baya ga wannan, ba za a iya watsi da tasirin sarrafa abinci akan narkewar abinci ba.
2. Rage girman barbashi na albarkatun abinci na iya inganta narkewa, don haka inganta amfani da abinci, amma zai haifar da rage yawan aiki yayin sarrafa abinci, ƙara farashin abinci, da rage motsi.
3. A aiki yanayi na pretreatment jam'iyya, barbashi crushing, extrusion tururi granulation tsari ko na'urar busar da duk iya shafar sinadirai masu darajar abinci da kuma ta haka ne digestibility.
4. Ciyarwa da sarrafa dabbobin gida kuma na iya shafar narkewar abinci, kamar nau'in da adadin abincin da aka ciyar a baya.
Ⅱ.Abubuwan da ke cikin dabbobin da kansu
Abubuwan dabba, gami da nau'in, shekaru, jima'i, matakin aiki, da yanayin yanayin jiki, dole ne kuma a yi la'akari da su yayin da ake tantance narkewar abinci.
1. Tasirin iri-iri
1) Domin nazarin tasirin nau'o'in nau'i daban-daban, Meyer et al.(1999) ya yi gwajin narkewa tare da canines daban-daban guda 10 masu nauyin kilogiram 4.252.5 (karnuka 4 zuwa 9 kowace iri).Daga cikin su, an ciyar da karnukan gwaji tare da gwangwani ko busassun abinci na kasuwanci tare da busassun busassun busassun 13g / (kg BW · d), yayin da wolfhounds na Irish suna ciyar da abincin gwangwani tare da busassun busassun busassun 10g / d.(kg BW·d).Biranen da yawa yana da ruwa mafi ruwa a cikin stools, ƙananan mai inganci da ƙarin motsi na hanji.A cikin gwajin, najasar mafi girman nau'in, ɗan Irish wolfhound, ya ƙunshi ƙasa da ruwa fiye da na Labrador retriever, yana nuna cewa nauyi ba shine kawai abin da za a yi la'akari ba.Bambance-bambancen narkewar abinci tsakanin nau'ikan sun kasance ƙanana.James da McCay (1950) da Kendall et al.(1983) ya gano cewa karnuka masu matsakaici (Salukis, German Shepherds da Basset hounds) da ƙananan karnuka (Dachshunds da Beagles) suna da irin wannan narkewa, kuma a cikin duka A cikin gwaje-gwajen, nauyin jiki tsakanin nau'in gwaji ya kasance kusa da bambance-bambance. a cikin narkewa sun kasance ƙanana.Wannan batu ya zama maƙasudin ƙima don daidaitaccen asarar nauyi na dangi tare da riba mai nauyi tun Kirkwood (1985) da Meyer et al.(1993).Nauyin hanji mara komai na kananan karnuka yana da kashi 6% zuwa 7% na nauyin jiki, yayin da na manyan karnuka ya ragu zuwa 3% zuwa 4%.
2) Weber et al.(2003) yayi nazari akan tasirin shekaru da girman jiki akan bayyanar narkewar abinci na extruded.Narkar da abinci mai gina jiki ya kasance mafi girma a cikin manyan karnuka a cikin kowane nau'in shekaru, kodayake waɗannan manyan karnuka suna da ƙananan ma'aunin stool da ƙaramin ɗanɗanon stool.
2. Tasirin shekaru
1) A cikin binciken da Weber et al.(2003) a sama, ƙaddamar da macronutrients a cikin nau'o'in karnuka guda hudu da aka yi amfani da su a cikin gwajin ya karu sosai tare da shekaru (1-60 makonni).
2) Garkuwa (1993) bincike kan ƴan ƴan ƴan ƙasar Faransa na Brittany sun nuna cewa narkewar busassun busassun abu, furotin da kuzari a cikin karnuka masu makonni 11 ya kai maki 1, 5 da 3 kashi 3 cikin ɗari fiye da na karnuka masu shekaru 2-4, bi da bi. .Amma ba a sami bambance-bambance tsakanin karnuka masu watanni 6 da masu shekaru 2 ba.Har yanzu ba a sani ba ko raguwar narkewar abinci a cikin ƙonawa yana faruwa ne ta hanyar haɓakar cin abinci kawai (nauyin jiki ko tsayin hanji), ko kuma ta raguwar ingancin narkewar abinci a cikin wannan rukunin shekaru.
3) Buffington et al.(1989) idan aka kwatanta da narkewar karnukan beagle masu shekaru 2 zuwa 17 shekaru.Sakamakon ya nuna cewa, kafin shekaru 10, ba a sami raguwa a cikin narkewa ba.A cikin shekaru 15-17, kawai an sami raguwar raguwa a cikin narkewa.
3. Tasirin jinsi
Akwai ƙananan bincike kan tasirin jinsi akan narkewar abinci.Maza a cikin karnuka da kuliyoyi suna da abinci mafi girma da kuma fitar da su fiye da mata, da ƙananan narkewa fiye da mata, kuma tasirin bambancin jinsi a cikin kuliyoyi ya fi na karnuka.
III.Abubuwan da ke cikin muhalli
Yanayin gidaje da abubuwan muhalli sun bayyana suna yin tasiri ga narkewa, amma nazarin karnuka da aka ajiye a cikin cages na rayuwa ko na'urorin hannu sun nuna irin wannan narkewa ba tare da la'akari da yanayin gidaje ba.
Abubuwan muhalli masu tasiri, ciki har da zafin iska, zafi, saurin iska, rufin bene, rufewa da daidaita yanayin zafi na bango da rufin, da hulɗar su, duk na iya yin tasiri akan narkewar abinci.Zazzabi yana aiki ta hanyar ramawa metabolism don kula da zafin jiki ko cikakken ci abinci ta hanyoyi biyu.Sauran abubuwan muhalli, irin su dangantakar da ke tsakanin manajoji da gwajin dabbobi da kuma photoperiod, na iya samun tasiri akan narkewar abinci, amma waɗannan tasirin suna da wuya a ƙididdige su.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-16-2022